Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria respond to multifactorial global change

Аннотация

In many recent studies, the effects of climate change on the future of biodiversity have been studied. As a result of human economic activity, extraction of mineral resources, land-use management, application of fertilizers (for example, nitrogen-containing compounds), carbon dioxide emissions into the Earth's atmosphere increase. This causes a change in the air temperature in the direction of increase and a change in the quantity and quality of the sediments, causing a wetting of the soils. The reaction of bacteria capable of oxidizing ammonia, belong to the group of chemo-litho-autotrophic microorganisms and at the same time are not associative microfl ora, was studied. In both natural and human-induced disturbance altered ecosystems, they strongly depend on these bacteria through intensive oxidation of ammonium. In response to artifi cially created climate changes, we received a change in the structure of the ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) community. The addition of a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer has led to a change in the number of bacteria that oxidize ammonia, while the temperature and humidity levels have changed, which also have an impact on AOB. In response to the increase in carbon dioxide signifi cantly reduced the number of AOB. If, in this case, the amount of precipitation also increased, then this decrease was most pronounced. Increased nitrifi cation caused also caused changes in the composition of the community of microorganisms. These results show that microbial communities can be successively changed by climate change and that these changes may have consequences for the functioning of the ecosystem.